Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone tissue. This leads to an increased risk of bone fractures, especially in the hip, spine and wrist.
What causes osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis usually develops due to an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. As we age, bone breakdown tends to outpace bone building. Hormonal changes, genetics, nutrition, and lack of exercise can also contribute.
Who is at risk?
While anyone can develop osteoporosis, postmenopausal women are at highest risk as estrogen levels drop after menopause. Older adults in general, those with a family history, small body frames, smokers, and inactive individuals also face increased risk.
What are the symptoms?
Often there are no obvious symptoms until fracture occurs. Some notice height loss, stooped posture, or back pain as vertebrae fracture.
How is it diagnosed?
Doctors diagnose osteoporosis using:
- DEXA scan to measure bone mineral density
- X-rays to check for fractures
- Blood and urine tests to rule out other causes
What is the treatment?
- Weight-bearing exercise to stimulate bone growth
- Calcium and vitamin D supplements
- Medications like bisphosphonates or hormone therapy
- Hormone Health Clinic provides personalized hormone replacement therapy tailored to your needs for bone health and beyond. Our knowledgeable physicians develop customized regimens to help you thrive.
Can it be prevented?
Building strong bones when young and maintaining bone density through middle age can help prevent osteoporosis. Strategies include:
- Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake
- Regular weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercise
- Avoidance of smoking and excess alcohol
- Fall prevention
The takeaway?
Osteoporosis is common but preventable and treatable. Through healthy nutrition, staying active, not smoking, and checking in with your doctor, you can keep your bones strong for life. Consider hormone optimization at places like Hormone Health Clinic as well. This multifaceted approach gives you your best shot at avoiding fractures.